Traditional server rendered applications

Applications with "islands of richness"

Single Page Applications (SPA)

Server rendered interactive web applications

• LiveView (Phoenix - Elixir)
• Livewire (Laravel - PHP)
• Hotwire (Ruby on Rails - Ruby)

Things to consider when choosing technologies for an application

• SEO
• What kind of UX does the application require? Are page refreshes ok?
• Timeline and development complexity
• Team member experience
• Team interest
• Technology stability vs. "shiny new toy"
• Documentation
• Community activity

CSS Technologies

• Utility based frameworks (e.g. Tailwind) vs. Bootstrap
• Bootstrap pros: Easy to use
• Bootstrap cons: Difficult to cutomize except for colors
• Utility based framwork pros: Fewer class names, Less code, Safe refactoring, No zombie CSS
• Utility based framework cons: HTML can be "uglier", Learning curve, Non standard, Requires tooling

Frontend JavaScript framework technologies

• Frontend JavaScript frameworks: React, Ember, Vue, Angular, Svelte
• Extended frameworks: Next.js (React), Remix (React), Nuxt (Vue), Astro (React, Vue, Svelte), SvelteKit (Svelte)

Backend technologies

• Batteries included vs. "build your own" framework
• Laravel, Ruby on Rails, Node.js